Cock's-foot - Dactylis glomerata

Alternative names
Cocksfoot Grass
Description

Robust and more or less hairless plant to 1 metre with stiff, rough, grey green leaves. Inflorescence is erect 3 to 15 cm long, with one or two stiff lower branches and a longer upper branch. All bear dense ovoid clusters of flattened green or purple tinged spikelets. Cock's-foot is a species that can be affected by vivipary which causes abnormal development and growth (see an explanation on the 'Cabinet of Curiosities' website using the link in 'Further Information' section below)

Identification difficulty
ID checklist (your specimen should have all of these features)

The panicle is clearly branched, with only one branch at the lowest ‘whorl’. Spikelets are in dense clusters at the ends of each branch. Stem bases are compressed and often slightly winged. The leaves are often glaucous. The panicle is clearly branched, with only one branch at the lowest ‘whorl’. Spikelets are in dense clusters at the ends of each branch. Stem bases are compressed and often slightly winged. The leaves are often glaucous.

Habitat

Meadows and roadsides.

When to see it

May to September.

Life History

Perennial.

UK Status

Very common throughout Britain.

VC55 Status

Very common in Leicestershire and Rutland. In the 1979 Flora survey of Leicestershire it was found in 606 of the 617 tetrads.

Further Information

Leicestershire & Rutland Map

MAP KEY:

Yellow squares = NBN records (all known data)
Coloured circles = NatureSpot records: 2025+ | 2020-2024 | pre-2020

UK Map

Species profile

Common names
Cocksfoot, Cock's-foot
Species group:
flowering plant
Kingdom:
Plantae
Order:
Poales
Family:
Poaceae
Records on NatureSpot:
634
First record:
01/07/1998 (John Mousley)
Last record:
26/11/2025 (Smith, Peter)

Total records by month

% of records within its species group

10km squares with records

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Latest images

Latest records

Photo of the association

Aceria tenuis

Aceria tenuis is a gall mite that causes phyllanthy on Cock’s-foot and various other grasses. The mites live in the length grooves of the grass leaves; on grasses with smooth leaves they are much less numerous. At high densities rolling and withering of the leaves does occur, also growth disturbance, malformations and discolouration of the inflorescence.

Photo of the association

Cocksfoot Moth

The larval foodplant of the Cocksfoot Moth (Glyphipterix simpliciella) is mainly the grass Cock's-foot where the tiny caterpillars feed on the seeds, later pupating in the stem. The old stems of Cock's-foot grass often show the exit holes where the larva has exited.

Photo of the association

Ergot

Ergot (Claviceps purpurea) is a violet-black spindle-shaped structure longitudinally furrowed, up to 1cm long, and formed in the inflorescences of grasses. The fungal body is described as an ergot kernel.

Photo of the association

Choke

Epichloe typhina fungus galls the stems of various grasses, the gall often having a rather tubular appearance. It is white in the early stages, yellowing when mature. On various grasses including many of our most common species including Sweet Vernal-grass, False Oat-grass, Cock's-foot, Perennial Rye-grass, Wood Millet, Timothy and Rough Meadow-grass.